Write About How Faulks Introduces the Story in Part 2 of Birdsong Essay Example for Free

Write About How Faulks Introduces the Story in Part 2 of Birdsong Essay Write about how Faulks tells the story in the first section of Part 2, beginning with the words JACK FIREBRACE LAY forty-five feet underground .. And ending with the words A rising melody under the scratch of a thick gramophone needle† (Pages 121 to 138 Vintage Edition). (21 marks) Faulks tells the story of Birdsong in the introduction of Part 2 by instantly creating a dramatic effect by changing every key factor from part 1 to Part 2 including which decade it is in and the characters. The first line of Part 2 instantly creates a gripping effect on the reader. ‘Jack Firebrace lay forty five feet underground’ Faulk’s purposely created a complete change in scenery, plot and person to foreshadow the rest of Part 2 and also make the reader feel as if the story is surreal as such dramatic changes so quickly processed as you are reading it does not feel real, such a dramatic change in one page was purposely done by Faulks to make the reader feel more interested and inquisitive as to why everything has been so dramatically changed. The word ‘Firebrace’ can be split it into two, fire and brace. Fire is a symbolism of chaos, destruction and war which fits in perfectly for the running theme throughout part 2 of Birdsong and fits with destruction of lives, lands and also mental stability all caused by the chaos of a war. However, ‘Brace’ is something which holds things together to give support and putting these two together shows that even though there is fire in the war as long as the men have each other for support they can find a way to get through it and this cr eates an awareness of the war that Faulk’s is trying to show in Part 2. Part 2 shows how the war affected people personally and no matter how aggressive the war became, the inner streams of consciousness of their own thoughts was always worse because some things you see can never escape your mind. ‘There were sounds, distant and irregular. He could not be sure what they were.’ The quote in a literal sense is talking about the sounds they can hear inside the tunnel however; metaphorically it can be interpreted to mean the voices inside their head. The voices can be shown as ‘distant’ because the people who they think of are so far away and out of reach which shows how they miss them even subconsciously. Another connotation of ‘distant’ could be the distant thoughts of dying. These men know that at any minute they could die from this war and that thought should be kept as distant and far as possible to remain an optimistic view of the war because otherwise they are somewhere with death creeping on them but also acknowledge that and became fearful of it constantly and to live a life like that for years on end effects the stability of your mind and how you look at life as a whole. The word ‘irregular’ could have been used by Faulks to symbolise the irregularity of the situation they are in, the irregularities of the war and the irregularities of humanity. Everything they are doing is so irregular and immoral but somehow it is still their job to do so, without knowing anything about the person they are killing they are still killing them. For some reason, this was law this was the rules and nothing was deemed as wrong and this is so irregular and out of normality yet it still happened. This was purposely done by Faulk’s to create awarenes s of the faults in humanity during this period of time. In part 2, sections of the book show a dramatic change of events so instantly. ‘Before he could finish there was a roar in the tunnel and a huge ball of earth and rock blew past them. It took four men with it.’ The section goes from being very tense with the edge of your seat effect and anticipating a climax event, knowing something is about to happen and then suddenly in one sentence all changes from the emotions of the characters, the destination to the status of living and dead. Such grave factors have changed in one sentence. Faulks purposely does this to create a change in structure and show how at any point anything can happen. ‘It took four men with it.’ This line is monosyllabic; this is intentionally done by Faulks to create a contrasting effect. The plot and the structure of the sentence completely contrast each other as what the quote says is four people have just died, their lives gone and no more yet the simplicity of the language the one syllable one word makes it seem so calm natural and simple. This is done by Faulk’s to show contrast in plot and structure in part 2. The effect of symbolism to refer to past events and character is used in Part 2. ‘Evans had tried to light a candle but there was not enough oxygen. The match burned bright red but would not flame.’ This can be seen as reference to ‘The Red Room’ in Part 1 of the book. The red room was always seen to the reader as a room of passion and lust where Stephan and Isabelle had united however, the flame was never fully burnt, this could have been because of the fact they both knew they were in the wrong or the fact that the true emotion of love wasn’t perfectly there. There was not enough oxygen to light the flame. The double meaning behind this showed Isabelle’s true feelings towards Azaire and possibly Stephan also. She could try as hard as it was possible to show love and true intimacy but the truth of her emotions was that they were never completely whole and there. Without oxygen you cannot light a flame and without true feeling you cannot have love. The use of the words ‘light’ and ‘flame’ and how they are lost is also part of the running theme throughout the novel; the loss of hope is represented by loss and in this quotation lack of light. On pages 126-127 Jack receives a letter from his ex-wife Margaret. The structure is very neat and in line, the number of lines per paragraph is roughly the same amount and punctuation is very neat. No short sentences or any other literary devises are used to create any dramatic effects. This could show how Margaret is trying to remain calm even with the knowledge that both her son and her husband are in possibility of dying. The letter also quotes ‘as you will imagine it is not easy getting medicine and the doctors to look after him with so much going on at the front which is how it should be.’ Faulks creates awareness of the war and how it affected not only the soldiers out there fighting but also the citizens at home fighting as all priorities were on the war and this was not wrong but this mean that people at home were also dying from lack of necessities in place, people that if the war had not happened would not have died as well as the millions of soldiers. To conclude, Faulks introduced Part 2 by dramatically changing events and also creating a theme of lost hope to symbolise how the characters and also people that were part of WW1 did emotionally feel. Personally, I think that the introduction of part 2 was written to show awareness of the horrors of war. Faulk’s wanted to show to his readers how difficult and life changing this war really was. Faulks shows in his introduction that you were killed by your own men if you committed a mistake like sleeping on the job. Something as small a mistake as that could get you killed. In birdsong men ‘he had never touched tobacco’ and then it turned into ‘now it was his greatest comfort.’ Tobacco kills you slowly yet that becomes the greatest comfort that is how grave it was, how the only way to make you feel better was to kill yourself slowly rather than in one shot. The fact men had never tried it but now it was their pain reliever shows just how the war changed people so much physically as well as mentally. Stability was lost and men became killing machines this was not humane. Faulk’s shows this as he writes in every word of the true horrors, people dying flames not being lit properly, men losing each other no stability at all and all to create awareness.

My Antonia :: essays research papers

1. Discuss the significant of each of the following citations. Provide several examples that support each quote. A. "The country girls were considered a menace to the social order. Their beauty shone out too boldly against a conventional background. But anxious mothers need have felt no harm. They mistook the mettle of their sons. The respect for respectability was stronger than any desire in Black Hawk Youth." The above quotation is telling about how the elderly people of Black Hawk did not trust the younger girls. This brought about when the young girls: Antonia, Tiny, Lena, etc. and Jim would constantly go to the parties held in Black Hawk. Jim's grandmother especially did not approve of Jim going to parties. Although, Jim continued to go, but eventually felt that he should obey his grandmother. Antonia, whom was working for the Harlings, was forced to choose between going to parties or continue working for them. She chose to continue going to parties, but then started to work for the Cutters. B. "This was the road over which Antonia and I came on that night when we got off the train at Black Hawk...For Antonia and for me, this had been the road of Destiny; had taken us to those early accidents of fortune which predetermined for us all that we can ever be. Now I understood that the same road was to bring us together again. Whatever we had missed, we possessed together the precious, and incommunicable past." The above quotation is showing the importance of Jimmy and Antonia's friendship. The road brought them together since they shared a significant amount of memories at the road. Jimmy remembers those special times he had with Antonia when he approaches the road. It is also a symbol for friendship, and the possibility of it being rekindled and/or never forgotten. 2. How is the following and accurate depiction of Antonia? How are the enumerated traits revealed throughout the story? "More than any other person remembered, this girl seemed to mean to us the country, the conditions, the whole adventure of our childhood." (Jimmy) This is an accurate description of Antonia because she lived in many conditions where she had to quickly adapt. When she moved to Nebraska, she was not used to living in her poor surroundings. Most of the time she had a fairly good attitude about this, following her father's footsteps, although her mother did not have a very good attitude.

History of Geisha Essay

Geisha recruitment seems to be a business wherein the indigenous people were the victims. Unfortunately this is the reality of life; one suffers while the other prospers. Another important contribution of Geisha is the preservation and performance of many Japanese dances. Dances like Mivako Odori and cherry dances which are based on Japan’s cultural value were the most common dances performed by Geisha. The red costume of the Geisha had a great significance in the Japanese culture and society. The use of red in their dress and makeup signifies beauty and happiness. The red underclothing was believed to ease the menstrual pain and maintain the good and healthy functioning of female reproductive system. Red is an erotic symbol for men. In fact they wear red lining under their own kimonos and apply red lipsticks made from petals of red flowers. In early times, the costumes of Geisha girls have warrior motifs which include hats and swords. But as time passes by and culture progresses, Geisha’s dress became feminine. Geisha is a culture which permits Japanese women to become independent and economically stable. It is believed that this is the only profession in which they are above men. It is one of the most important role of Geisha in society; keeping women at the height of men. Being intimate with men are part of the being a Geisha. Nearly all marriages in Japan were arranged by families of both parties. These marriages main goal is to preserve the present rank in the society rather than to seek peace and happiness. In this kind of situation, the man would normally have two women in his entire life. It was a common practice that wealthy and powerful men have a relationship with geisha. On other culture and religion this set up do not conform to morality. The Christianity sector would surely say that this is immoral. Unfaithfulness to your wife is considered a sin but still other may see it as something normal. Geisha is mysterious but beautiful creatures that represent the very old traditions of the Japanese. Now, modern geisha still reside in what they call okiya in flower towns especially during mentoring era. Most old and experienced geisha decide to live independently. They are often hired in parties or exclusive events at the tea houses and also to high-class restaurants in Japan. An incense stick serves as their clock for determining the spent time of each geisha in entertaining guest and visitors. Confusion still remains on what is really the nature geisha profession. An awful view about Geisha is that they serve as prostitutes. In western perspective, Geisha are known as expensive prostitutes. Geisha are entertainers and they are expected to entertain their customers in many ways such as reciting verse, playing musical instruments or simply by giving a good conversation but not to serve as sexual workers. Geisha’s arrangement also includes flirting with the customers and to do some playful and fancy innuendos but nothing more can be expected. Geisha strongly do not engage with sex with the customers even with money offerings. What they believed is that geisha are entertainer particularly sexual entertainers. This common notion about geisha made this decent and simple tradition to be a tradition full of immorality and sins. To attract costumers, prostitutes dressed and posed as a true geisha. Actually, a true geisha do not engaged with sexual relationship with her costumers. What they usually do is just entertainment. In fact, they were first and foremost entertainers. Geisha were invited to gatherings to keep thing in harmony and lively. They dance together with the guest, sing with them and played drinking games. Clearly, geisha are there for mere entertainment. The success of parties and celebrations are determined by the presence of geisha. Having several geisha in a party meant that the party host was wealthy and powerful. Geisha and the traditional high-class courtesans also know as oiran have similarities which lead to confusion. Like geisha, oiran also have their elaborate hairstyles and wear white make-up. Geisha are truly different with orian in a simple manner. Oiran tie their obi in the front and serve as prostitutes while Geisha in contrast usually tie their obi in the back. Prostitution was legalized during the Edo period. Prostitutes like orian were given license by the government. On the other hand, geisha were strictly prohibited to hold such kind of license and eventually forbidden to have sexual engagement with their customers. Any geisha holding the prostitution license is referred to be promiscuous. During the Japanese occupation, several Japanese prostitutes sold themselves to American to become sexual slaves. These prostitutes are termed geisha girls which lead to the conception of geisha as prostitutes. Also, those geisha working in onsen towns give a bad reputation to geisha because of the prevalence of prostitution. They used the name and character of a geisha in order to have a good market. Geisha indeed are not prostitutes. They are just victims of wrong conception. But sadly, although the nature of geisha is really good many are still doubt the nature of geisha’s profession. We can now infer that being a geisha is tough job. A geisha needs to be beautiful all the time and must undergo hard trainings to perfect the geisha’s required talents skills. We can see the good and bad accounts of being a geisha. It is a good tradition of Japan. It reflects all the prosperous cultures and traditions of Japan; from dancing, singing, conversing to the various arts. Also geisha’s dedication to work really manifest that Japanese are disciplined person. Generally, geisha plays an important role in Japanese culture. Geisha are entertainers not prostitutes. Although most people considered them as sexual workers, we cannot take away the fact that they bring happiness and pleasure to people. Although the nature of geisha’s work is closely similar to prostitutes we must not immediately pre-judge it. Geisha is a wonderful culture which is full of creative stuffs. From the dress, hairstyles, and other attributes of geisha we can see how diverse the Japanese culture is. Those bad accounts to geisha will be polished by its amazing structure. Eventually and hopefully people would fully accept the truth that geisha are made for merely entertainment. Instead of looking at it that way, looks at it other perspective or maybe people can even look deeper to the inner core of it in order to see its real purpose. References: History of Geisha. Retrived November 14, 2007, from http://marian. creighton. edu/~marian-w/academics/english/japan/geisha/history. html.

Surgical Robots And The Field Of Surgery - 1632 Words

Surgical Robots in the Field of Surgery Shenin Siddiqui Monmouth University Surgical Robots in the Field of Surgery Technology is advancing each and everyday. In the medical field and especially in the field of surgery, the most popular topic is robotic surgery. Robotic surgery is a novel and an exhilarating advancement in the medical field. Currently, surgical robots mainly have a promotional role rather than a practical role. However, robots are being used in many small surgeries and the extent of robots in the medical world is still evolving (Lanfranco, Castellanos, Desai, Meyers, 2004). To genuinely understand this futuristic technology, the advantages, the disadvantages, the current and the†¦show more content†¦Throughout an operation, the robots make instrument handling more natural. Furthermore, with the help of surgical robots, doctors can avoid unnecessary movements to change tools and to look at the monitor (Lanfranco, Castellanos, Desai, Meyers, 2004). This is beneficial because this allows the surgeon to solely focus on the surge ry and to get the job done more quickly and efficiently. Moreover, the three dimensional sight from the robot is much more clear compared to the usual laparoscopic camera. All these advantages of robotic surgery tremendously help surgeons with identifying and dissecting body parts (Lanfranco, Castellanos, Desai, Meyers, 2004). Therefore, this advanced technology can make surgeries more effective and less difficult. Although surgical robots are beneficial, there are a few disadvantages to this innovative technology. To begin, robots in surgery are fairly new and their effectiveness is not fully recognized (Lanfranco, Castellanos, Desai, Meyers, 2004). Thus, surgical robots are not altogether reliable. Also, the expense of surgical robots is a major disadvantage because surgical robots can cost millions of dollars. There is a possibility that the price of the robots may drop in the future with more developments in technology and with more practice with robots. On the other hand, many believe that the price of the robots will